80毫米 PAW 600 反坦克炮
现在保存于美国阿伯丁武器博物馆内的德国80毫米 PAW 600 反坦克炮，得到加固的炮膛，和较轻的炮架，是二战德国研制的典型的一种“高低压”武器系统。
性能参数：
性能参数：
口径: 81 mm
长: 2.95 米
产量: 260 门
出膛初速度: 419 米/秒
有效射程: 6 197米
生产时间：1944—1945年
生产公司：Rheinmetall-Borsig AG
衍生型号：80毫米 Panzerabwehrwerfer 600、PAW 8H63、PWK 8H63
说明：
80毫米 PAW 600 反坦克炮是反坦克炮发展的一种创新。反坦克炮发展过程中，碰到的问题是：自身重量越来重，而火炮的膛压和出膛速度需要增加才能穿透不断加厚的坦克装甲。作为一些辅助性的反坦克武器有着自身缺陷和不足。德国的“铁拳”和美国的“巴祖卡”火箭筒，射程不够，而无后座力炮，命中精度不行。为此，德国人Rheinmetall提出了一种“高低压”系统（high low pressure" system）用于反坦克炮的发展。德国的80毫米 PAW 600 “高低压”虽然火炮出膛初速度不高，但是应用一种全新的“高低压”系统来设计反坦克炮，所以，德国的80毫米 PAW 600 “高低压”具有令人恐怖的反坦克能力。英文原理，懒得翻译，现在给出来，大家自己慢慢看把。
A really innovative solution for antitank cannons. The problem was the ever increasing weight of the antitank weapons, necessary to pierce ever thicker armor plates. Shoulder weapons, like the Panzerfaust or the bazooka, had not enough range and recoilless guns lacked accuracy. Rheinmetall proposed in 1944 the "high low pressure" system. The idea was to ignite the propelling charge in a reinforced chamber and let the gases escape from it only progressively, so that there was no peak of pressure in the barrel (1). The propulsion was more regular than with the conventional system and the barrel could be lightened since it had to resist a lesser stress.
The barrel was smooth and the projectile, inspired by a mortar bomb (2), was fin stabilized. It was either antipersonnel or shape charge, which gave the weapon a formidable antitank capability. Appearing late 1944, only a limited number could reach the frontline. Despite the interest the principle arose, it was not widely used after the war.
The gun had no variant, but its designation changed after tests on the frontline (from "80 mm PAW 600" to " WK 8H63"), leading the allies to believe that a new model had come out.
(1) the maximum pressure was one ton par square centimeter in the chamber but half as much in the barrel.
(2) hence the caliber: the standard mortar of the Wehrmacht was a 81 mm
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发表于 2005-9-27 15:51
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